Pipe head loss
Atoll Maker — pond design software. Draw the pond; the app sizes the system, routes the pipework and issues the drawings.
The head loss of one run: friction along the pipe and the losses at its fittings, at the flow given.
A rigid pipe is named by its outside diameter: enter its internal diameter from the manufacturer’s data. A hose is named by its bore.
In Atoll Maker, this comes from the drawn pond.
Head loss painted along the route.
Apply for the betaDarcy–Weisbach, with the Swamee–Jain friction factor and water at 20 °C. Roughness: 0.0015 mm for PVC pipe and 1.0 mm for corrugated hose. Fittings: K·v²/2g, with the K values of Crane TP-410 — 90° elbow 0.75; 45° elbow 0.4; tee, flow to the branch 1.5; ball valve, open 0.08. Advisory: it does not replace the hydraulic design.
In Atoll Maker the head loss is calculated run by run over the drawn pipework, and the pump’s curve is read against the system as built.
Atoll Maker calculates this from the drawn pond.
Draw the pond and the system assembles itself: volume, filtration, pipework, head loss and the drawings.